Anxiety is a natural reaction to stress, but for some people, it becomes a long-term condition that affects their daily lives. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) causes ongoing anxiety about a wide range of issues, not just one specific thing. People with GAD often find it challenging to control their worries, which can lead to significant distress.

Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Psychological Symptoms:

• Persistent worry and anxiety
• A sense of dread
• Feeling “on edge”
• Difficulty concentrating
• Irritability

Physical Symptoms:

• Restlessness or feeling tense
• Dizziness
• Tiredness
• Palpitations (strong, fast, or irregular heartbeat)
• Muscle aches and tension
• Dry mouth
• Excessive sweating
• Shortness of breath
• Stomach ache, nausea
• Headaches
• Pins and needles
• Difficulty falling or staying asleep (insomnia)

These symptoms can lead to social withdrawal, difficulties at work, and lower self-esteem.

Causes of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

The exact cause of GAD isn’t fully understood, but several factors are believed to play a role, including:

• Brain Chemistry: Imbalances of serotonin and noradrenaline can affect mood regulation.
• Genetics: If a close relative has GAD, there’s an increased likelihood of developing it.
• Past Experiences: Stressful or traumatic events, such as abuse or bullying.
• Chronic Health Conditions: Long-term pain or illness can contribute.
• Lifestyle Factors: Drug or alcohol misuse may exacerbate anxiety.

Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

1. Talking Therapies:

• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): A widely used approach that helps people change negative thought patterns and manage their anxiety more effectively.

2. Medication:

• Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): A type of antidepressant commonly used to treat GAD.

3. Self-Help Strategies:

• Self-Help Courses: CBT-based resources for anxiety management.
• Regular Exercise: Reduces stress and improves mood.
• Lifestyle Changes: Limiting caffeine and alcohol, quitting smoking, and maintaining a balanced diet.
• Daylight App: A digital CBT program clinically proven to reduce anxiety with daily use.

Support and Resources

Support Groups:

• Anxiety UK
• Mind
• Rethink Mental Illness

Support groups can offer advice, peer support, and strategies for managing anxiety. Your GP can help connect you with local or online groups.

Referral to Specialists: If initial treatments aren’t effective, your GP may refer you to a community mental health team, including specialists like psychiatrists, psychologists, and occupational therapists, who can create a tailored treatment plan.