Chlamydia is a common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the UK, affecting both men and women. It often presents without symptoms but can lead to complications if left untreated. Here’s an overview:

Symptoms of Chlamydia:

Many people with chlamydia don’t experience any symptoms, which is why testing is crucial if you suspect an infection. When symptoms do appear, they typically show up 1 to 3 weeks after unprotected sex but can sometimes take months to manifest. Possible symptoms include:

• Pain during urination.
• Unusual discharge from the vagina, penis, or anus.
• Lower abdominal pain, bleeding after sex, or between periods (for women).
• Pain in the testicles (for men).
• Red, sticky eyes if chlamydia has spread to the eye.

Note: Symptoms may go away after a few days, but this doesn’t mean the infection has cleared up; you can still pass it on to others.

Testing for Chlamydia:

If you suspect you have chlamydia:

• Visit a local sexual health service or contact your GP if you have symptoms.
• Order a home test kit if you don’t have symptoms.
• Testing is simple, painless, and reliable, typically involving:
  • A swab (used to collect a sample from the vagina, throat, or anus).
  • A urine sample (recommended at least 1-2 hours after urinating for accurate results for those with a penis).

Treatment for Chlamydia:

• Chlamydia is treated with antibiotics.
• Avoid sexual activity, including oral sex and protected sex, for 1 week after you and your partner(s) have completed treatment to prevent re-infection.
• Untreated chlamydia can lead to complications:
  • Women: It can spread to the womb, causing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), a major cause of ectopic pregnancy and infertility.
  • Men: It can spread to the testicles, causing discomfort and potential fertility issues.

How Chlamydia is Transmitted:

• Unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
• Sharing unwashed sex toys or using them without a new condom each time.
• Infected vaginal fluid or semen contact with the eyes.
• From mother to baby during childbirth.

Prevention Tips:

• Use condoms during vaginal, anal, and oral sex.
• Get regular STI screenings if you’re sexually active.

Other STIs:

If you’re diagnosed with chlamydia, it’s recommended to get tested for other STIs, such as:

• Gonorrhoea
• Syphilis
• HIV

Chlamydia can have serious health impacts if left untreated, so timely testing and treatment are key to preventing complications.