Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a vein, typically in the leg, and can lead to serious health complications if left untreated. Here’s a summary of key aspects:

Symptoms of DVT:

• Swelling: Usually in the leg, particularly the back of the leg.
• Pain: Throbbing or tenderness, often in the calf or thigh, worse when standing or walking.
• Warm skin around the affected area.
• Discoloration: Red or darkened skin near the clot.
• Swollen veins: Veins may become hard or painful to touch.

When to Seek Medical Advice:

• Emergency: Call 999 or go to A&E if you experience DVT symptoms alongside breathlessness or chest pain.
• Non-emergency: Call 111 or see your GP if you suspect you have DVT.

Risk Factors for DVT:

• Age: Increased risk with age.
• Inactivity: Prolonged immobility, e.g., long journeys or after surgery.
• Medical history: Previous clots, family history, pregnancy, contraceptive use, obesity, smoking, cancer, etc.
• Injuries or conditions: Damaged blood vessels or varicose veins.

Diagnosis:

• Blood tests: D dimer test.
• Ultrasound: To check blood flow.
• Venogram: X-ray using dye to locate the clot.

Treatment Options:

1. Anticoagulants (Blood Thinners): Medicines like warfarin or apixaban to prevent clot formation.
2. Compression Socks: To improve circulation and reduce symptoms.
3. Surgery: Rare cases may require a vena cava filter to prevent clots.
4. Leg Elevation: Rest with legs raised to relieve pressure.

Prevention Tips:

• Lifestyle changes: Stay active, maintain a healthy weight, avoid smoking and excessive alcohol.
• Hospital precautions: Use compression socks and anticoagulants if advised.
• Long-distance travel: Stay hydrated, move regularly, and use leg exercises.

Complications of DVT:

• Pulmonary Embolism: A potentially life-threatening condition where a clot travels to the lungs.
• Post-thrombotic Syndrome: Long-term pain and swelling.

If you suspect DVT or have any concerning symptoms, seeking prompt medical advice is crucial.