Unit 9: Applications of Thermodynamics

Unit 9: Applications of Thermodynamics in AP Chemistry focuses on the principles of energy, entropy (
Δ
𝑆
ΔS), and Gibbs free energy (
Δ
𝐺
ΔG) to predict and analyze the spontaneity of chemical processes. Key topics include the relationships between enthalpy, entropy, and free energy, as well as the connection between equilibrium constants and thermodynamic favorability. Students explore concepts like electrochemical cells and thermodynamic efficiency, gaining a deeper understanding of how energy governs chemical reactions and real-world systems.